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IASS 2004 - Full
Papers
International
Symposium
Shell and Spatial Structures from Models to Realization
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR SHELL AND SPATIAL STRUCTURES
University Montpellier II - School of Architecture “Languedoc
Roussillon”
This
CD-ROM contains the collection of the full papers presented during
the IASS International Symposium “Shell and Spatial Structures
from Models to Realization”, September 20-24, Montpellier,
France.
©
IASS 2004
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in a retrivial system or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without
the prior permission of IASS 2004.
The contents of the full papers herein are published as submitted
by the authors. The opinions expressed are solely those of the authors.
Neither the IASS nor the organizing committee nor the editors accept
responsibility for the accuracy and validity of the statements made
herein.
IASS, International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures,
Laboratorio Central de Estructuras (CEDEX) - C/ Alfonso XII, 3 -
28014 Madrid, Spain
Forewords
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The
Montpellier IASS symposium 2004, of which this CD is the Full
Papers was first proposed by Professor René Motro some
five years ago, and the Executive Council accepted the proposal
with some enthusiasm. The enthusiasm expressed by the Executive
Council was due partly to the fact that the last IASS event
held in France was the one in 1962 (Colloquium on Hanging
Roofs, Paris, organized by N. Esquillan), or more than forty
years ago, and we were looking forward to once again visiting
France, and most particularly Montpellier, an old city of
new possibility. More importantly, however, it was felt that
the proposed topic “Shell and Spatial Structures from
Models to Realization” is at the very core of the interest
of the Association.
The members of the IASS are architects as well as engineers,
teachers as well as builders, and we are all interested in
and closely related to models of various kinds in our daily
activities. According to the Objectives of the present symposium
given by the Organizer, “Models are to be found everywhere
between the idea and its realization. We aim to provide a
forum for presentation of models in the field of Shell and
Spatial Structures.
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These models
can be analytic, numerical, experimental, and so on, and Realization
is the last model”. We use these models in our design and
research works to foresee as correctly as possible the performance
and behaviors of the realized structures or the final models.
Therefore, the ability of an engineer or an architect in dealing
with models is closely related to the success of his/ her design
or research works. Since the character of shell and spatial structures
that are the utmost objects of our interest is of three dimensional
natures, importance of model study is very much stronger than
in any other types of structures. You will find in this CD ROM
containing the full papers many excellent ideas and precious experiences
of shell and spatial structures in various stages of studies from
model to realization.
It is a great pleasure for me to know that the Organizer has hold
an exhibition of N. Esqillan during the symposium to commemorate
his great works in the field of spatial structures. Nicolas Esquillan,
widely known with his structure for CNIT in Paris-la Défense,
was not only an eminent engineer, but also one of the founding
members of the Association. He earnestly served the IASS as a
member of the Executive Council for a long time until he was promoted
to an Advisory Board member. In appreciation of his important
contribution to the IASS as well as to the development of spatial
structures in the world the Association elected him an Honorary
Member in 1986.
I am also very glad to learn that more than ten papers have been
presented to the present symposium by young people in application
for the IASS Hangai Prize. As we all know, the Hangai Prize started
last year to encourage younger researchers and designers to join
us. I look forward to finding in this volume many outstanding
papers written by the Hangai Prize applicants, our prospective
colleagues.
The Association is most grateful to Professor René Motro,
Symposium Chairman of the present event and a Vice President of
the IASS, for his continuing efforts over the years to realize
the excellent symposium in Montpellier. The authors of the papers,
those who are participating in discussions of the sessions, those
who are attending the symposium in general, all are due the gratitude
of the Association.
Mamoru Kawaguchi
IASS
President
Preface
Welcome to
IASS 2004 Symposium in Montpellier !
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France
is known as a very old country, and Montpellier is a very
challenging town in a very nice place close to Mediterranean
sea. The choice of this place for the annual symposium of
the IASS was decided in 2001, during the annual Executive
Council meeting in Nagoya. We were able to submit our candidature
because of the very close relationship existing here between
the University Montpellier II (Laboratory of Mechanics and
Civil Engineering) and the School of Architecture “Languedoc
Roussillon” (Lightweight Structures for Architecture
Research Group). It was also the opportunity to organize an
IASS symposium in France more than forty years after the symposium
held in Paris in 1962, and organized by N. Esquillan.
The title of the symposium “Shell and Spatial Structures,
from Models to Realization” reflects the willing to
examine the role of the models from the beginning of the process,
the initial idea, to its end, the realization. Five sub themes
are proposed: Design, Mechanics, Material, Morphology and
Realization.
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Prior to the submission of full papers, those who intended to present
papers submitted extended abstracts. We received 290 proposals,
and each of them was examined and reviewed by two reviewers. At
the end of the process we selected 168 papers for technical sessions;
7 keynote lectures and 17 invited lectures are also programmed during
the symposium in the CORUM congress centre. Besides these lectures
poster sessions are organized with 36 presentations. All the extended
abstracts corresponding to these selected papers are included in
the book of proceedings. Full papers are in this CD. This edition
has been made possible thanks to the French Ministry of Culture
represented by the so called “Bureau de la Recherche Architecturale
et Urbaine” which financed these proceedings.
In honour to Nicolas Esquillan, a specific exhibition has been installed
in CORUM. An industrial exhibition is also presented there. Simultaneously
an exhibition on Antoni Gaudi has been organized at the school of
architecture in conjunction with Jan Molema and Jordi Fauli. A french
translation of the catalog has been edited for this occasion. In
the same place models of shell and spatial structures built by young
people for an international contest will be presented.
Nothing could have been done without the work, and the help of so
many people that I can not give the name of each of them, but they
are sure that I am very grateful to them. Nothing could have been
done without the support of many sponsors and I thank each of them.
René Motro
Symposium Chairman
About
IASS The
continuing development of design, analysis and construction techniques
of shell and spatial structures has resulted in an increasing fund
of information and practical interest to architects, engineers,
and builders.
The IASS, founded by Eduardo Torroja in 1959, has as its goal the
achievement of further progress through an interchange of ideas
among all those interested in lightweight structural systems such
as lattice, tension, membrane and shell structures
www.iass-structures.org
IASS Working Group 13 The Numerical Methods in Shell
and Spatial Structures
The Numerical Methods in Shell and Spatial Structures, IASS Working
Group no. 13 was founded in 1984 in Dortmund during the September
annual IASS Conference. The creation of this group has been a consequence
of the fast growth of the computer industry that has placed to the
disposal of builders, engineers, architects and researchers a multitude
of powerful computers. The main objectives of this Working Group
are focused on the computational aspects appearing in the different
phases of the creation, design, construction and maintenance of
shell and spatial structures. Therefore the group is interacting
with the activities of other IASS Working Groups and it is aiming
to support them on their specific tasks. The work of the group is
concentrated in producing publications directed towards the fulfillment
of these objectives. To this end the Working Group organizes seminars,
specialized or in the framework of the annual IASS conferences,
gathers information on the available software, publishes special
reports and related activities to study numerical techniques demanded
in the analysis and design of shell and spatial structures. The
group is composed by members interested on shell and spatial structures,
such as, designers, engineers, architects, researchers, computer
specialists and mathematicians among others.
IASS Working Group 15 The Structural Morphology Group
The
Structural Morphology Group, IASS Working Group no.15, was founded
in1991 in Copenhagen. The core of its activities deals with the
study of the relation between form and structural action, and includes
therefore considerations of a variety of themes such as structural
behaviour, shaping structures, efficiency of structures, structural
topology, flexible structures, structures in Nature, innovative
structures, computational morphogenesis and structures as architecture
and art. Most of these subjects are also included in the works in
other Working Groups, but with focus on the intimate relation between
form and structure – Structural Morphology. The members of
the group are engineers, architects and artists, often with an interest
in all three areas and all working for the ideas and concepts for
the structures of tomorrow.
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